Success rate of miniscrew and miniplates as anchorage for orthodontic treatment: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Introduction: Conventional anchorage methods generally require patient corporation which may result in undesirable contrary movement of teeth and can be restricted in dentitions that are compromised. Miniscrew and miniplate are specifically designed for enhancing orthodontic anchorage and are being increasingly implemented into orthodontics. Objectives: To conduct a scoping review for the evaluation of the success rate of miniscrew and miniplates as anchorage unit during orthodontic treatment. Methods: Strategic and detailed search of the literature in various databases was commenced till October 2020 utilizing free text and MeSH terms, followed by PRISMA to classify different studies for extraction of the data. Results and conclusions: It was concluded that granulation tissue formation and rate of Inflammation was higher in miniplate than miniscrew, however statistical differences were not found. Another factor observed was the effect of mean age on the success rate of miniscrew and miniplate between the age group of 10-20 years and 20-30 years. It was found that the success rate of both miniscrew and miniplate were similar in both the age groups but as the age advanced from 10-20 years to 20-30 years, the success rate of miniscrews decreased while it remained constant for miniplates. Based on the length, it was seen that in both primary and secondary insertions 8.0-mm miniscrews were significantly safer than the 6.0-mm miniscrews whereas, for diameter, a screw of 1mm or less was associated with mobility or failure of the miniscrews. In relation to the site of placement in the posterior region miniscrews in the maxilla was a higher success rate than that in the mandible.